See crony on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crony capitalism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronydom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronyish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronyist"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronyistic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronynomics"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Coined between 1655 and 1665 from Ancient Greek χρόνιος (khrónios, “perennial, long-lasting”) (English chrono- (“time”), initially as Cambridge University slang, in sense of “chum”, as “friend of long standing”, with illegal connotation later.\nEarly spellings included chrony, as in 1665 diary by Samuel Pepys, supporting the Greek origin.",
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"tags": [
"plural"
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"word": "noncrony"
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{
"ref": "1819 June 23, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Rip Van Winkle”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., number I, New York, N.Y.: […] C[ornelius] S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 91:",
"text": "Rip now resumed his old walks and habits; he soon found many of his former cronies, though all rather the worse for the wear and tear of time; and preferred making friends among the rising generation, with whom he soon grew into great favour.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A close friend."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-ozjwV3vs",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close#Adjective"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, originally Cambridge University) A close friend."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "friend"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "adixkide"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "lagun xahar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blizǎk prijatel",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "близък приятел"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìyǒu",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "挚友"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qúndài",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "裙带"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kámoš"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "semu"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freund"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "haver"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑntʰien mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "សន្ធានមិត្ត"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑlyaan mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "កល្យាណមិត្ត"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yetbeot",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "옛벗"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kuncu"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parceiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten la cataramă"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigacho"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stallbroder"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "funtfadder"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vän"
}
]
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"_dis": "11 89",
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{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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{
"_dis": "9 91",
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{
"_dis": "9 91",
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"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
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{
"_dis": "8 92",
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"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
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{
"_dis": "9 91",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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{
"_dis": "10 90",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"_dis": "3 97",
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"_dis": "9 91",
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{
"_dis": "9 91",
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"_dis": "9 91",
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"_dis": "5 95",
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{
"_dis": "7 93",
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{
"_dis": "12 44 44",
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"Society",
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"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-EaJmKVcI",
"links": [
[
"trusted",
"trusted#Adjective"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"partner",
"partner#Noun"
],
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigacho"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "chrony"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University",
"Samuel Pepys",
"The New York Times",
"William Safire"
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
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"forms": [
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"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 44 44",
"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "en:Corruption",
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{
"_dis": "13 35 52",
"kind": "topical",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "0 40 60",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:",
"text": "Marry not an old crony.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old woman; a crone."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-7-3nCBru",
"links": [
[
"crone",
"crone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old woman; a crone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
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{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
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{
"word": "crony capitalism"
},
{
"word": "cronydom"
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{
"word": "cronyish"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "der"
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"ref": "1819 June 23, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Rip Van Winkle”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., number I, New York, N.Y.: […] C[ornelius] S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 91:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A close friend."
],
"links": [
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"close#Adjective"
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],
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}
],
"tags": [
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]
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"(informal) A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
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"tags": [
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"word": "chrony"
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"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "adixkide"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "lagun xahar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blizǎk prijatel",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "близък приятел"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìyǒu",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "挚友"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qúndài",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "裙带"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kámoš"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "semu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kumpan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "haver"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑntʰien mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "សន្ធានមិត្ត"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑlyaan mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "កល្យាណមិត្ត"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yetbeot",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "옛벗"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kuncu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parceiro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten la cataramă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigacho"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stallbroder"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "funtfadder"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vän"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigacho"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University",
"Samuel Pepys",
"The New York Times",
"William Safire"
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni/2 syllables",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crony (plural cronies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:",
"text": "Marry not an old crony.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old woman; a crone."
],
"links": [
[
"crone",
"crone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old woman; a crone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crony.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
}
],
"word": "crony"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crony meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2386",
"msg": "inconsistent language codes no vs nb in translation item: 't' {1: 'nb', 2: 'kumpan', 3: 'm'}",
"path": [
"crony",
"Template:t",
"TEMPLATE_FN"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crony",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.